Thursday 15 October 2009

Noun & Adjective

Today we're going to make a sentence by using noun and adjective.

Before we start, let's know some details about nouns in Thai language.

- nouns are uninflected
- no gender
- no articles
- neither singular nor plural
- in a noun phrase, noun always come before adjective.

pattern : NOUN+ ADJECTIVE

my house = bâan khăwngchán บ้านของฉัน
red house = bâan sĭidaeng บ้านสีแดง
that house = bâan nán บ้านนั้น


As the example above, we consider it as noun group. Therefore, no matter where it is in a sentence, its order will be the same.

Now let's make an easy sentence!

A : How to say "My dog is lovely"?
B : We say " măa khăwngchán nâarák" (หมาของฉันน่ารัก)


Explanation:

măa = dog (หมา)
khăwngchán = my (female speaker) (ของฉัน)
nâarák = lovely/ pretty (น่ารัก)

Did you notice what we haven't mentioned in the sentence?

-----

-------

-----------

It's "verb to be"

So, we've got a rule. Verb to be when used with adjective will be dropped.


For negative sentence, put the word "mâi" (no/not) "ไม่" in front of adjective:

-----> "măa khăwngchán mâi nâarák" (หมาของฉันไม่น่ารัก)

For question, put the word "mái?" at the end of a sentence

-----> "măa khăwngkhun nâarák mái?" (หมาของคุณน่ารักไหม)


Patterns :

Affirmative: Noun/noun group + adjective
Negative: Noun/noun group + mâi +adjective
Interrogative: Noun/noun group + adjective + mái?


*********************************************************************************

I'll give you some useful adjectives to make sentences with nouns that we have before in previous blog.


ADJECTIVES

tall/ high = sǔung สูง
short (person) = dtîa เตี้ย
beautiful = sǔay สวย
handsome = làw หล่อ
thin = phăwm ผอม
fat = ûan อ้วน
old (things) = gào เก่า
old (person) = gàe แก่
delicious/ tasty = àròi อร่อย
spicy/ poignant = phèd เผ็ด
expensive = phaeng แพง
cheap = thùuk ถูก

a lot/ many/ much = mâak มาก
little = nói น้อย
late = săai สาย
ráwn = hot ร้อน
cool = yen เย็น
big = yài ใหญ่
small = lék เล็ก
short (things) = sân สั้น
long = yaao ยาว
fragrant = hăwm หอม
smelly = měn เหม็น
dirty = sòkgàpòk สกปรก
clean = sà-àad สะอาด

good = dii ดี
near = glâi ใกล้
far = glai ไกล
new = mài ใหม่
free, available = wâang ว่าง
busy = yûng ยุ่ง
intelligent = chàlàad ฉลาด
stupid = ngôo โง่
to be good at ... = gèng เก่ง
rich = ruay รวย
poor = jon จน

enjoyable = sànùk สนุก
tired = nùeay เหนื่อย
fine, comfortable = sàbaai สบาย
hungry = hĭo หิว
interesting = nâasŏnjai น่าสนใจ
boring = nâabûa น่าเบื่อ
happy= mii khwaamsùk มีความสุข
sad = sâo เศร้า


Let's practise by choosing the adjectives from the list above with the nouns below (from previous lesson) and create three different kinds of sentences.


Example: Thai food
Thai food is tasty. ---------- aahăan thai àròi (อาหารไทยอร่อย)
Thai food is not tasty. ------ aahăan thai mâi àròi (อาหารไทยไม่อร่อย)
Is Thai food tasty? --------- aahăan thai àròi mái? (อาหารไทยอร่อยไหม)


our teacher
my coffee (female)
their TV
her mother
your house
my car (male)
his room
its food (dog's)

4 comments:

  1. Thank you very much for your help learning me Thai. It's very helpful. For me, I would really appreciate it if you could write the words also in Thai letters, as I'm learning to read. Besides, it makes it clearer how to pronounce each word. For the rest, your blog is superb!

    Gijs

    ReplyDelete
  2. Thank you very much Gijs. I'll do that :)

    ReplyDelete
  3. Wow, you are very fast. Thank you a lot for that. Please keep up the good work!

    Gijs

    ReplyDelete
  4. Thanks for your comment Gijs :)

    ReplyDelete