Thursday, 25 March 2010

Dale Chihuly: Glass Blowing Artist

I saw these photos from a forward email website but again there's no information about the artist. I do really appreciate these glass blowing, so I searched for the artist and his name is "Dale Chihuly". I just know him now! His work is incredible beautiful, bright and colorful. I wish I could see and take the photos by myself!





Dale Chihuly (b. September 20, 1941 in Tacoma, Washington, United States) is an American glass sculptor and entrepreneur.


Biography

Chihuly graduated from high school in Tacoma. Supported by his mother, after his brother George's death in 1957 at a flight-training accident in Florida and his father's death of a heart attack a year later, he enrolled at the College of the Puget Sound in 1959. A year later, he transferred to the University of Washington at Seattle, where in 1965 he received a bachelor of arts degree in interior design.


In 1967, he received a Master of Science in sculpture from the University of Wisconsin–Madison, where he studied under Harvey Littleton. In 1968, he studied glass in Venice on a Fulbright Fellowship and received a Master of Fine Arts at the Rhode Island School of Design. In 1971, with the support of John Hauberg and Anne Gould Hauberg, Chihuly founded the Pilchuck Glass School near Stanwood, Washington.


In 1976, while Chihuly was in England, he was involved in a head-on automobile accident during which he flew through the windshield. His face was severely cut by glass and he was blinded in his left eye. After recovering, he continued to blow glass until he dislocated his shoulder in a 1979 bodysurfing accident. No longer able to hold the glass blowing pipe, he hired others to do the work; Chihuly explained the change in a 2006 interview, saying "Once I stepped back, I liked the view" and pointing out that it allowed him to see the work from more perspectives and enabled him to anticipate problems faster. Chihuly describes his role as "more choreographer than dancer, more supervisor than participant, more director than actor."


Chihuly and his team of artists were the subjects of the documentary Chihuly Over Venice; the program was the first HDTV program to be broadcast in the United States when it aired in November 1998. They were also featured in the documentary Chihuly in the Hotshop, syndicated to public television stations by American Public Television starting in November 1, 2008.


Source: wikipedia










































































visit: http://www.chihuly.com/

candid photos of various leaders




 













































London’s Elephant Parade 2010





Elephant Parade is conservation campaign for the endangered Asian elephant. Over 250  painted life-size elephants located in streets, parks and squares over central London this summer, from May to June 2010.


Each elephant is decorated by a different artist or celebrity including Marc Quinn, Diane Von Furstenberg, Julien Macdonald, Alice Temperley, Lulu Guinness ...






colourful elephant by Isaac Mizrahi.



by Chintan Upadhyay

























visit: http://elephantparadelondon.org/
photos: google

Tuesday, 23 March 2010

Sonnet 24 (William Shakespeare)

Shakespeare's Sonnet 24 treats the commonplace Renaissance conceit connecting heart and eye. Though it relates to other sonnets that explore this theme, Sonnet 24 is considered largely imitative and conventional.


This video: Sonnet no 24: By William Shakespeare Read by: Bertram Selwyn (Bernard Shakespeare)







Sonnet 24


Mine eye hath play'd the painter and hath steel'd,

Thy beauty's form in table of my heart;

My body is the frame wherein 'tis held,

And perspective it is best painter's art.

For through the painter must you see his skill,

To find where your true image pictur'd lies,

Which in my bosom's shop is hanging still,

That hath his windows glazed with thine eyes.

Now see what good turns eyes for eyes have done:

Mine eyes have drawn thy shape, and thine for me

Are windows to my breast, where-through the sun

Delights to peep, to gaze therein on thee;

Yet eyes this cunning want to grace their art,

They draw but what they see, know not the heart.



–William Shakespeare –



Paraphrase


The sonnet may be paraphrased thus:

Like a painter, my eye has drawn your image on my heart, with my body as the frame. To paint in due proportion is the greatest skill of a painter, and only through this painter (that is, my eye) may you see the image of you that has been created in my heart. Your eyes, indeed, are the windows into my own. Now, consider what mutual benefit our eyes have brought each other. My eyes drew you, and your eyes are windows through which I can see my own heart, windows the sun delights to shine through in order to see you. Yet eyes, unfortunately, can draw only what they see, not the emotions invested in those perceived objects.




Source: wikipedia

āļ§ัāļ™āđ€āļŠāļ‡āđ€āļĄ้āļ‡ (The Qingming Festival )



āļ§ัāļ™āđ€āļŠāļ‡āđ€āļĄ้āļ‡ (Qing Ming ) āļĄีāļāļģāļŦāļ™āļ”āđƒāļ™āđ€āļ”ืāļ­āļ™ 5 āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļˆีāļ™ āļ‹ึ่āļ‡āļˆāļ°āļ­āļĒู่āđƒāļ™āļŠ่āļ§āļ‡āļ›āļĢāļ°āļĄāļēāļ“āļ•้āļ™āđ€āļ”ืāļ­āļ™ āđ€āļĄāļĐāļēāļĒāļ™ āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ—ุāļāļ›ี āļ่āļ­āļ™āļ§ัāļ™āļžิāļ˜ีāļˆāļ°āļĄีāļāļēāļĢāļ—āļģāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļŠāļ°āļ­āļēāļ”āļŦāļĨุāļĄāļัāļ‡āļĻāļžāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļšāļĢāļĢāļžāļšุāļĢุāļĐ āļŦāļĨัāļ‡āļˆāļēāļāļ™ั้āļ™āđƒāļ™āļ§ัāļ™āļžิāļ˜ีāļˆāļ°āļĄีāļāļēāļĢāđ€āļ‹่āļ™āđ„āļŦāļ§้āļ­āļēāļŦāļēāļĢāļŦāļ§āļēāļ™āļ„āļēāļ§ āļ—ี่āļŦāļĨุāļĄāļัāļ‡āļĻāļž āđ€āļžื่āļ­āđ€āļ›็āļ™āļāļēāļĢ āļĢāļģāļĨึāļāļ–ึāļ‡āļ„ุāļ“āļ‡āļēāļĄāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ”ีāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļšāļĢāļĢāļžāļšุāļĢุāļĐ āđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļ›็āļ™āļāļēāļĢāļŠ่āļ‡āļ­āļēāļŦāļēāļĢāđƒāļŦ้āļ—ุāļāļ›ี āđ€āļžื่āļ­āļĄิāđƒāļŦ้āļ­āļ”āļ­āļĒāļēāļ āđ€āļĄื่āļ­āđ„āļ›āļ­āļĒู่āļ­ีāļāļ āļžāļŦāļ™ึ่āļ‡ āļ„āļ™āļˆีāļ™āļŠ่āļ§āļ™āđƒāļŦāļ่ āļˆāļ°āļŦāļĒุāļ”āļ‡āļēāļ™āļĄāļēāļĢ่āļ§āļĄāļžิāļ˜ีāļัāļ™ āļžāļĢ้āļ­āļĄāļŦāļ™้āļēāļžāļĢ้āļ­āļĄāļ•āļē āļŦāļĢืāļ­āļ–ืāļ­āļ§่āļēāđ€āļ›็āļ™āļ§ัāļ™āļžāļšāļāļēāļ•ิāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ„āļ™āļˆีāļ™āļ็āļ§่āļēāđ„āļ”้

āđ€āļ—āļĻāļāļēāļĨ “āđ€āļŠāļ‡āđ€āļĄ้āļ‡” āđ€āļ›็āļ™āđ€āļ—āļĻāļāļēāļĨāļ›āļĢāļ°āļˆāļģāļ›ีāđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļšูāļŠāļēāļšāļĢāļĢāļžāļšุāļĢุāļĐāļ—ี่āļĨ่āļ§āļ‡āļĨัāļšāđ„āļ›āđāļĨ้āļ§āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļŠāļēāļ§āļˆีāļ™ āļāļēāļĢāļšูāļŠāļēāļšāļĢāļĢāļžāļšุāļĢุāļĐ (Ancestor Worship) āđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāđ„āļ§้āļ—ุāļāļ‚์ (Mourning) āļ–ืāļ­āđ€āļ›็āļ™āļžิāļ˜ีāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļ—ี่āļŠāļģāļ„ัāļāļ—ี่āļŠุāļ”āļžิāļ˜ีāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļŦāļ™ึ่āļ‡āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļŠāļēāļ§āļˆีāļ™ āđāļĨāļ°āļ›āļิāļšัāļ•ิāļัāļ™āđāļžāļĢ่āļŦāļĨāļēāļĒāļŠืāļšāļĄāļēāļŦāļĨāļēāļĒāļžัāļ™āļ›ีāļˆāļ§āļšāļˆāļ™āļ—ุāļāļ§ัāļ™āļ™ี้ āđāļĄ้āļ§่āļēāļāļēāļĢāđ„āļ§้āļ—ุāļāļ‚์āđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļšูāļŠāļēāļšāļĢāļĢāļžāļšุāļĢุāļĐāļˆāļ°āđ€āļ›็āļ™āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļŠื่āļ­āļ”ั้āļ‡āđ€āļ”ิāļĄāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļŠāļēāļ§āļˆีāļ™ āđāļ•่āļ็āđ„āļ”้āļĢัāļšāļāļēāļĢāļŠ่āļ‡āđ€āļŠāļĢิāļĄāļŠāļ™ัāļšāļŠāļ™ุāļ™āļˆāļēāļ āļ›āļĢัāļŠāļāļēāļ‚āļ‡āļˆื้āļ­

āļ‚āļ‡āļˆื้āļ­ āļ–ืāļ­āļ§่āļēāđ€āļ›็āļ™āļ‚āļ™āļšāļ˜āļĢāļĢāļĄāđ€āļ™ีāļĒāļĄāļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļžāļ“ีāļ—ี่āļ”ีāļ‡āļēāļĄāđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ›āļĨูāļāļัāļ‡āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļāļ•ัāļāļูāļāļ•āđ€āļ§āļ—ีāđāļ่āļŠāļ™āļĢุ่āļ™āļŦāļĨัāļ‡ āđ€āļ›็āļ™āđ‚āļ­āļāļēāļŠāļ—ี่āļžี่āļ™้āļ­āļ‡āļĨูāļāļŦāļĨāļēāļ™āļˆāļ°āļĄāļēāļžāļšāļ›āļ°āļัāļ™ āđāļĨāļ°āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļžāļ“ีāļ็āđ€āļ›็āļ™āđ€āļ„āļĢื่āļ­āļ‡āļĢ้āļ­āļĒāļĢัāļ”āļœู้āļ„āļ™āđƒāļ™āļŠัāļ‡āļ„āļĄāđ€āļ‚้āļēāđ„āļ§้āļ”้āļ§āļĒāļัāļ™ āļ‚āļ‡āļˆื้āļ­āļˆึāļ‡āļĄāļ­āļ‡āđ€āļ—āļĻāļāļēāļĨ “āđ€āļŠāļ‡āđ€āļĄ้āļ‡” āđƒāļ™āđāļ‡่āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļˆāļĢิāļĒāļ˜āļĢāļĢāļĄāļ—āļēāļ‡āļŠัāļ‡āļ„āļĄ āļĄāļēāļāļāļ§่āļēāđƒāļ™āđāļ‡่āļ­āļ ิāļ›āļĢัāļŠāļāļēāđ€āļĢื่āļ­āļ‡āļŠีāļ§ิāļ•āļŦāļĨัāļ‡āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ•āļēāļĒ


āļ—ี่āļĄāļē: āļŠāļ™ุāļ!āļžีāđ€āļ”ีāļĒ
 
 
 
āļ—āļĪāļĐāļŽีāļžิāļ˜ีāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ›āļĢัāļŠāļāļēāļ‚āļ‡āļˆื้āļ­



āļ•āļēāļĄāļ—āļĪāļĐāļŽีāļžิāļ˜ีāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ›āļĢัāļŠāļāļēāļ‚āļ‡āļˆื้āļ­ āļˆิāļ•āđƒāļˆāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ„āļ™āđ€āļĢāļēāļĄีāļ„ุāļ“āļĨัāļāļĐāļ“āļ° 2 āļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļ„ืāļ­

“āļŠāļ•ิāļ›ัāļāļāļē” (Intellect) āđāļĨāļ° “āļ­āļēāļĢāļĄāļ“์” (Emotion)  āđ€āļĄื่āļ­āļ„āļ™āļ—ี่āđ€āļĢāļēāļĢัāļāļ•āļēāļĒāļĨāļ‡ āđ€āļĢāļēāļĢู้āļ”้āļ§āļĒāļŠāļ•ิāļ›ัāļāļāļēāļ§่āļēāļœู้āļ•āļēāļĒāđ„āļ”้āļ•āļēāļĒāđ„āļ›āđāļĨ้āļ§ āđāļĨāļ°āļ็āđ„āļĄ่āļĄีāđ€āļŦāļ•ุāļœāļĨāđ€āļžีāļĒāļ‡āļžāļ­āļ—ี่āļˆāļ°āđ€āļŠื่āļ­āļ§่āļēāļ§ิāļāļāļēāļ“āļˆāļ°āļ­āļĒู่āđ€āļ›็āļ™āļ­āļĄāļ•āļ° āļ–้āļēāļŦāļēāļāđ€āļĢāļēāļ—āļģāļ•āļēāļĄāļŠāļ•ิāļ›ัāļāļāļēāđāļ•่āđ€āļžีāļĒāļ‡āļ­āļĒ่āļēāļ‡āđ€āļ”ีāļĒāļ§āđ€āļĢāļēāļ็āđ„āļĄ่āļˆāļģāđ€āļ›็āļ™āļ•้āļ­āļ‡āļ—āļģāļžิāļ˜ีāđ„āļ§้āļ—ุāļāļ‚์ āđāļ•่āļˆิāļ•āđƒāļˆāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āđ€āļĢāļēāļ็āļĄีāļ„ุāļ“āļĨัāļāļĐāļ“āļ°āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ­āļēāļĢāļĄāļ“์āļ­āļĒู่āļ”้āļ§āļĒ āļ‹ึ่āļ‡āļ—āļģāđƒāļŦ้āđ€āļĢāļēāđ€āļิāļ”āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļŦāļ§ัāļ‡āļ§่āļēāļ„āļ™āļ—ี่āđ€āļĢāļēāļĢัāļāđ€āļĄื่āļ­āļ•āļēāļĒāđ„āļ›āđāļĨ้āļ§āļ­āļēāļˆāļˆāļ°āļāļĨัāļšāļĄีāļŠีāļ§ิāļ•āđ„āļ”้āļ­ีāļ āļŦāļĢืāļ­āļ§่āļēāļ§ิāļāļāļēāļ“āļ­āļēāļˆāļˆāļ°āļĒัāļ‡āļ„āļ‡āļ­āļĒู่āļ•่āļ­āđ„āļ›āđƒāļ™āđ‚āļĨāļāļ­ื่āļ™


āļ”ัāļ‡āļ™ั้āļ™āđ€āļĄื่āļ­āđ€āļĢāļēāļ–ืāļ­āđ€āļ­āļēāļ•āļēāļĄāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ™ึāļāļัāļ™ āđ€āļĢāļēāļ็āļāļĨāļēāļĒāđ€āļ›็āļ™āļ„āļ™āđ€āļŠื่āļ­āļ–ืāļ­āđƒāļ™āđ„āļŠāļĒāļĻāļēāļŠāļ•āļĢ์āđāļĨāļ°āļ›āļิāđ€āļŠāļ˜āļāļēāļĢāļ„ิāļ”āļ”้āļ§āļĒāļŠāļ•ิāļ›ัāļāļāļē āđ€āļžāļĢāļēāļ°āļ‰āļ°āļ™ั้āļ™āļŠิ่āļ‡āļ—ี่āđ€āļĢāļēāļĢู้āđāļĨāļ°āļŠิ่āļ‡āļ—ี่āđ€āļĢāļēāļŦāļ§ัāļ‡āļˆึāļ‡āđ„āļĄ่āđ€āļŦāļĄืāļ­āļ™āļัāļ™ āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļĢู้āđ€āļ›็āļ™āļŠิ่āļ‡āļŠāļģāļ„ัāļ āđāļ•่āđ€āļĢāļēāđ„āļĄ่āļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ–āļˆāļ°āļ­āļĒู่āđ„āļ”้āļ”้āļ§āļĒāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļĢู้āđ€āļžีāļĒāļ‡āļ­āļĒ่āļēāļ‡āđ€āļ”ีāļĒāļ§ āđ€āļĢāļēāļ•้āļ­āļ‡āļāļēāļĢāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļžึāļ‡āļžāļ­āđƒāļˆāļ—āļēāļ‡āļ”้āļēāļ™āļ­āļēāļĢāļĄāļ“์āļ”้āļ§āļĒ

āļ•āļēāļĄāļ—ัāļĻāļ™āļ°āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ›āļĢัāļŠāļāļēāļ‚āļ‡āļˆื้āļ­ āđ€āļĄื่āļ­āđ€āļĢāļēāļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļ­āļšāļžิāļ˜ีāđ„āļ§้āļ—ุāļāļ‚์ āļŦāļĢืāļ­ āļžิāļ˜ีāļšูāļŠāļēāđ€āļĢāļēāļŦāļĨāļ­āļāļ•ัāļ§āđ€āļ­āļ‡āđ‚āļ”āļĒāļ—ี่āđ€āļĢāļēāđ€āļ­āļ‡āļ็āļĢู้āļ•ัāļ§ āđƒāļ™ “āļŦāļ™ัāļ‡āļŠืāļ­āđāļŦ่āļ‡āļžิāļ˜ีāļāļĢāļĢāļĄ” āļ‚āļ‡āļˆื้āļ­āļāļĨ่āļēāļ§āļ§่āļē “āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļี่āļĒāļ§āļ‚้āļ­āļ‡āļัāļšāļ„āļ™āļ•āļēāļĒ āļ–้āļēāđ€āļĢāļēāļ›āļิāļšัāļ•ิāļ•่āļ­āļœู้āļ•āļēāļĒāđ€āļŦāļĄืāļ­āļ™āļัāļšāļ§่āļēāđ€āļ‚āļēāđ„āļ”้āļ•āļēāļĒāđ„āļ›āļˆāļĢิāļ‡āđ† āļ™ั่āļ™āļ็āđ€āļ—่āļēāļัāļšāļ§่āļēāđ€āļĢāļēāļ‚āļēāļ”āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļĢัāļāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļœูāļāļžัāļ™āđ„āļ›āļ‹ึ่āļ‡āđ€āļ›็āļ™āļāļēāļĢāđ„āļĄ่āļŠāļĄāļ„āļ§āļĢ āļ–้āļēāđ€āļĢāļēāļ›āļิāļšัāļ•ิāļ•่āļ­āļœู้āļ•āļēāļĒāđ€āļŦāļĄืāļ­āļ™āļัāļšāļ§่āļēāđ€āļ‚āļēāļĒัāļ‡āļĄีāļŠีāļ§ิāļ•āļ­āļĒู่āļˆāļĢิāļ‡āđ† āļ™ั่āļ™āļ็āđ€āļ—่āļēāļัāļšāļ§่āļēāđ€āļĢāļēāļ‚āļēāļ”āļŠāļ•ิāļ›ัāļāļāļēāļ‹ึ่āļ‡āļ็āđ€āļ›็āļ™āļāļēāļĢāđ„āļĄ่āļŠāļĄāļ„āļ§āļĢāļ­ีāļāđ€āļŠ่āļ™āļัāļ™”


āļŦāļĄāļēāļĒāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ§่āļēāđ€āļĢāļēāđ„āļĄ่āļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ–āļˆāļ°āļ›āļิāļšัāļ•ิāļ•่āļ­āļ„āļ™āļ•āļēāļĒāļ•āļēāļĄāļ—ี่āđ€āļĢāļēāļĢู้āđāļĨāļ°āļ•āļēāļĄāļ—ี่āđ€āļĢāļēāļŦāļ§ัāļ‡āļ­āļĒ่āļēāļ‡āđƒāļ”āļ­āļĒ่āļēāļ‡āļŦāļ™ึ่āļ‡āđ€āļžีāļĒāļ‡āļ­āļĒ่āļēāļ‡āđ€āļ”ีāļĒāļ§ āđāļ•่āđ€āļĢāļēāļ„āļ§āļĢāļˆāļ°āļ›āļิāļšัāļ•ิāļ•่āļ­āļ„āļ™āļ•āļēāļĒāļ•āļēāļĄāļ—ี่āđ€āļĢāļēāļĢู้āđāļĨāļ°āļ•āļēāļĄāļ—ี่āđ€āļĢāļēāļŦāļ§ัāļ‡āļ”้āļ§āļĒāļ—ั้āļ‡āļŠāļ­āļ‡āļ­āļĒ่āļēāļ‡


āđƒāļ™āļŦāļ™ัāļ‡āļŠืāļ­āļŠื่āļ­ “āļ‹ุāļ™āļˆื้āļ­” āļšāļ—āļ—ี่āļ§่āļēāļ”้āļ§āļĒ “āđ€āļĢื่āļ­āļ‡āļĢāļēāļ§āđ€āļี่āļĒāļ§āļัāļšāļžิāļ˜ีāļāļĢāļĢāļĄ” (Treatise on Rites) āļ‹ุāļ™āļˆื้āļ­ āļŠāļēāļ™ุāļĻิāļĐāļĒ์āļ„āļ™āļŠāļģāļ„ัāļāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ‚āļ‡āļˆื้āļ­ āļāļĨ่āļēāļ§āļ§่āļē “āļžิāļ˜ีāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāđ€āļ›็āļ™āđ€āļĢื่āļ­āļ‡āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļāļēāļĢāļ›āļิāļšัāļ•ิāļ•่āļ­āļŠีāļ§ิāļ•āđāļĨāļ°āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ•āļēāļĒāđ€āļ›็āļ™āļˆุāļ”āļŠุāļ”āļ—้āļēāļĒ āļ–้āļēāđ€āļĢāļēāļ›āļิāļšัāļ•ิāļ•่āļ­āļˆุāļ”āđ€āļĢิ่āļĄāļ•้āļ™āđāļĨāļ°āļˆุāļ”āļŠุāļ”āļ—้āļēāļĒāļ”ีāđāļĨ้āļ§ āļ§ิāļ–ีāļ—āļēāļ‡āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļ›็āļ™āļĄāļ™ุāļĐāļĒ์āļ็āļˆāļ°āļŠāļĄāļšูāļĢāļ“์ āļ–้āļēāđ€āļĢāļēāļ›āļิāļšัāļ•ิāļ•่āļ­āļšิāļ”āļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ”āļēāļ”้āļ§āļĒāļ”ี āđƒāļ™āļ‚āļ“āļ°āļ—ี่āļ—่āļēāļ™āļĄีāļŠีāļ§ิāļ•āļ­āļĒู่ āđāļ•่āļĄิāđ„āļ”้āļ›āļิāļšัāļ•ิāļ•่āļ­āļ—่āļēāļ™āđ€āļĄื่āļ­āļ—่āļēāļ™āļ–ึāļ‡āđāļ่āļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļĨāļ‡ āļ™ั่āļ™āļ็āđ€āļ—่āļēāļัāļšāļ§่āļēāđ€āļĢāļēāđƒāļŦ้āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļ„āļēāļĢāļžāļ•่āļ­āļž่āļ­āđāļĄ่āđƒāļ™āļ‚āļ“āļ°āļ—ี่āļ—่āļēāļ™āļĢู้āđ€āļ—่āļēāļ™ั้āļ™ āđāļĨāļ°āđ„āļ”้āļĨāļ°āđ€āļĨāļĒāļ—่āļēāļ™āđ€āļĄื่āļ­āļ—่āļēāļ™āđ„āļĄ่āļĢู้


āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ•āļēāļĒāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ„āļ™āđ†āļŦāļ™ึ่āļ‡ āļŦāļĄāļēāļĒāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ§่āļēāđ€āļ‚āļēāļˆāļēāļāđ„āļ›āļŠั่āļ§āļ™ิāļĢัāļ™āļ”āļĢ āļ™ัāļšāđ€āļ›็āļ™āđ‚āļ­āļāļēāļŠāļŠุāļ”āļ—้āļēāļĒāļ—ี่āļĨูāļāļˆāļ°āđ„āļ”้āļĢัāļšāđƒāļŠ้āļž่āļ­āđāļĄ่ āļ”ัāļ‡āļ™ั้āļ™āļŦāļ™้āļēāļ—ี่āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļžิāļ˜ีāđ„āļ§้āļ—ุāļāļ‚์āļ็āļ„ืāļ­ āļāļēāļĢāļ—āļģāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļŦāļĄāļēāļĒāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļŠีāļ§ิāļ•āđāļĨāļ°āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ•āļēāļĒāđƒāļŦ้āļŠัāļ”āđ€āļˆāļ™ āđ€āļ›็āļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ­āļģāļĨāļēāļœู้āļ•āļēāļĒāļ”้āļ§āļĒāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļĻāļĢ้āļēāđāļĨāļ°āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļ„āļēāļĢāļž āđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļ›็āļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ—āļģāļˆุāļ”āļŠุāļ”āļ—้āļēāļĒāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļĄāļ™ุāļĐāļĒ์āđƒāļŦ้āļŠāļĄāļšูāļĢāļ“์ ”



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The Qingming Festival




The Qingming Festival, Clear Bright Festival, Ancestors Day or Tomb Sweeping Day is a traditional Chinese festival on the 104th day after the winter solstice (or the 15th day from the Spring Equinox), usually occurring around April 5 of the Gregorian calendar. Astronomically it is also a solar term. The Qingming festival falls on the first day of the fifth solar term, named Qingming. Its name denotes a time for people to go outside and enjoy the greenery of springtime tend to the graves of departed ones.



The holiday is known by a number names in the English language:


- All Souls Day (not to be confused with the Roman Catholic holiday, All Souls Day, of the same name)

- Clear Bright Festival

- Ancestors Day

- Festival for Tending Graves

- Grave Sweeping Day

- Chinese Memorial Day

- Tomb Sweeping Day

- Spring Remembrance

Tomb Sweeping Day and Clear Bright Festival are the most common English translations of Qingming Festival. Tomb Sweeping Day is used in several English language newspapers published in Taiwan.


Origin

Qingming Festival originated from Hanshi Day (åŊ’éĢŸčŠ‚, literally, Day with cold food only), a memorial day for Jie Zitui (äŧ‹å­æŽĻ, or Jie Zhitui, äŧ‹å­æŽĻ). Jie Zitui died in 636 BC in the Spring and Autumn Period. He was one of many followers of  Duke Wen of Jin before he became a Duke. One time, during Wen's 19 years of exile, they didn't have any food and Jie prepared some meat soup for Wen. Wen enjoyed it a lot and wondered where Jie got the soup. It turned out Jie had cut a piece of meat from his own thigh to make the soup. Wen was so moved he promised to reward him one day. However, Jie was not the type of person who sought rewards. Instead, he just wanted to help Wen to return to Jin to become Duke. Once Wen became Duke, Jie resigned and stayed away from the Duke. Duke Wen rewarded the people who helped him in the decades, but for some reason he forgot to reward Jie, who by then had moved into the forest with his mother. Duke Wen went to the forest, but couldn't find Jie. Heeding suggestions from his officials, Duke Wen ordered men to set the forest on fire to force out Jie, however, Jie died in the fire. Feeling remorseful, Duke Wen ordered three days without fire to honour Jie's memory. The county where Jie died is still called Jiexiu (äŧ‹äž‘, literally meaning the place Jie rests forever).


Qingming has a tradition stretching back more than 2,500 years. Its origin is credited to the Tang Emperor Xuanzong in 732. Wealthy citizens in China were reportedly holding too many extravagant and ostentatiously expensive ceremonies in honour of their ancestors. Emperor Xuanzong, seeking to curb this practice, declared that respects could be formally paid at ancestors' graves only on Qingming. The observance of Qingming found a firm place in Chinese culture and continued uninterrupted for over two millennia. In 1949 the Communist Party of China repealed the holiday. Observance of Qingming remained suppressed until 2008, when the Party reinstated the holiday.


Celebration


The Qingming Festival is an opportunity for celebrants to remember and honour their ancestors at grave sites. Young and old pray before the ancestors, sweep the tombs and offer food, tea, wine, chopsticks, joss paper accessories, and/or libation to the ancestors. The rites have a long tradition in Asia, especially among farmers. Some people carry willow branches with them on Qingming, or put willow branches on their gates and/or front doors. They believe that willow branches help ward off the evil spirit that wanders on Qingming. Also on Qingming people go on family outings, start the spring plowing, sing, dance, and Qingming is a time where young couples start courting. Another popular thing to do is fly kites (in shapes of animals or characters from Chinese opera). Others carry flowers instead of burning paper, incense or firecrackers as is common.


The holiday is often marked by people paying respects to those who died in events considered sensitive in China. The April Fifth Movement and the Tiananmen Incident were major events on Qingming that took place in the history of the People's Republic of China. When Premier Zhou Enlai died in 1976, thousands visited him during the festival to pay their respects. Many also pay respects to victims of the Tiananmen Square protests in 1989 and the graves of Zhao Ziyang and Yang Jia in areas where rights of free expression are generally recognized, as in Hong Kong; in most areas of China such observances are suppressed and all public mention of such subjects is taboo. In Taiwan the national holiday is observed on April 5 because the ruling Kuomintang moved it to that date in commemoration of the death of Chiang Kai-shek on April 5. The holiday is nevertheless observed in the traditional manner, with families gathering to honour their own ancestors, visit and maintain their family shrines, and share traditional meals.




Despite having no holiday status, the overseas Chinese communities in Southeast Asian nations such as those in Singapore and Malaysia take this festival seriously; deep in heritage, rituals and strict decorum. Qing Ming in Malaysia is an elaborate family function or a clan feast (usually organized by the respective clan association) to commemorate and honour their late relations at grave site and their distant ancestry of China at home altar, clan temple or a makeshift altar in a Buddhist or Taoist temple. For the oversea community, Qing ming festival is very much a family heritage and at the same, a family obligation. The overseas Chinese see this festival as a time to reflect, honour and give thanks to their forefathers. The oversea Chinese normally visit the graves of their late relations at the nearest weekend of the actual date. According to the ancient custom, grave site veneration is only feasible 10 days before and after Qingming Festival. If the visit is not on the actual date normally veneration before Qingming is encouraged. Qingming Festival in Malaysia and Singapore normally started early in the morning, with the ancestral veneration at home altar- paying respect to the distant ancestors from China. This would be followed by visiting the graves of their close relations in the country. Some would take the extent of filial piety to visit the graves of their ancestors in mainland China. Traditionally, family will burn paper money (paper have imprint of money) and paper replica of some material good such car, maid, home, phone, and etc. In Chinese culture, even though a person died, he/she may still need all of these in the afterlife. There should always an even number of dishes put in front of the grave and a bowl of rice with incense stick upright. Then, family members start taking turn to bow before the tomb of the ancestors. Bowing will go in order, which starts with the most senior member of the family and so on. After the ancestor worship at the grave site, the whole family or the whole clan would be feasting the food and drinks they brought for the worship at the site or nearby gardens in the memorial park, signifying family reunion with the ancestors.


Hanshi, the day before Qingming, was created by Chong'er, the Duke Wen of the state of Jin during the Spring and Autumn Period. The festival was established after Chong'er accidentally burned to death his personal friend and servant Jie Zhitui (äŧ‹äđ‹æŽĻ) (or Jie Zitui) and Jie Zitui's mother. Chong'er ordered the hills they were hiding in set on fire in hopes that Jie Zitui would return to his service, but the fire killed Jie and his mother. On Hanshi, people were not allowed to use fires to heat up food, thus nicknaming it the Cold Food Festival. Eventually, 300 years ago, the Hanshi "celebration" was combined with the Qingming festival, but later abandoned by most people.



Source: wikipedia
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